some ideas on the presence or absence of ug in l2 acquisition

although the majority of linguists believing in chomskyan revolution have no doubt about the presence of ug in ll acquisition, its availability in l2 acquisition _in general, and in adult l2 acquisition in particular, is controversial. on the one hand, there are proponents of the access to ug in l2 acquisition, lidia white for example, says: therange of option available to the second language learner is constrained by ug in ways similar to what happens in first language acquisition (1985);on the other hand, bley-vroman, an opponent to the theory, argues against the notion that adult second language learners have access 10 universal grammar. nevertheless, in spite of these controversial views, the notion that innate linguistic principles ofug are available 10 adult language learners has been an appealing one both from a theoretical perspective and from a data-driven one, since learners do not appear 10 violate universals in production.